The growth of ice in lenses, layers, and veins in the soil, commonly, but not always, oriented normal to the direction of heat loss.
impact
French: impact
German: Aufprall, Stoß
Spanish: impacto
Italian: impatto
Portuguese: impacto
Dutch: stoot, botsing
Impact Atomization
A type of fuel atomization used in a diesel hammer in which the raw fuel injected and trapped between the ram and the anvil is atomized by impact of the ram on the impact block. The hammer normally will have a time delay between impact and combustion.
Impact Block
Normally used with diesel hammer. 1. The part of a pile hammer seated directly under the ram which transmits the blow of the ram to the pile or to the drive cap (also called Impact Block). Also called Anvil. 2. Steel plate on top of cushion material in d
Impact Blow
The transmission of energy during a short interval of time from one moving body to another.
Impact Force
The peak force delivered by a pile driving hammer to the pile head as measured by means of dynamic monitoring (the peak force must not be influenced by soil resistance reflections).
Impact Velocity
The velocity of the ram of a gravity or single-acting steam/air hammer when it strikes the anvil. It may be computed from a formula.
Impedance
A constant that is equal to the pile cross-section area times Young’s modulus, divided by the elastic wave velocity.
French: impédance
Impermeable
Soil in which the spacing of the soil particles is so close as to prevent or allow only very slow passage of water.
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