1. Most commonly a very dense heterogeneous mass of clay, sand and gravel of glacial drift origin. 2. The hard stratum of consolidated earth underlying surface soil, too hard for roots to penetrate.
French: sol dur impénétrable
German: fester Boden oberhalb von gewachsenem Fels
Spanish: costra cementada, "hardpan"
Italian: hardpan, livello molto cementato, crosta dura
Portuguese: rocha alterada
Dutch: dichte tussenlaag grond